Cardiology and Heart Diseases

Andreas Gruentzig is known as the father of interventional cardiology after the development of angioplasty by interventional radiologist Charles Dotter which is mainly deals with the catheter based treatment of structural heart diseases. A large number of procedures can be done on the heart by catheterization where the most frequently includes the insertion of a sheath into the femoral artery and cannula ting the heart under X-ray visualization (fluoroscopy). For annulation, the radial-artery also can be used and this method having numerous advantages which consist of the accessibility of the artery in most patients, the easy control of bleeding even in anticoagulated patients, the enhancement of relief because patients are ble to sit and walk immediately following the procedure, and the near absence of clinically significant squeal in patients with a normal Allen test. In the other side to this methodology include spasm of the artery & pain, inability to use larger-catheters required in various procedures and also more radiation exposure.

Cardiac nursing is a nursing specialty that works with patients who suffer from various conditions of the cardiovascular system. Cardiac nurses help treat conditions such as unstable angina, cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction and cardiac dysrhythmia under the direction of a cardiologist. Cardiac nurses perform postoperative care on a surgical unit, stress test evaluations, cardiac monitoring, vascular monitoring, and health assessments. Cardiac nurses work in many different environments, including coronary care units (CCU), cardiac catheterization, intensive care units (ICU), operating theatres, cardiac rehabilitation centers, clinical research, cardiac surgery wards, cardiovascular intensive care units (CVICU), and cardiac medical wards

Cardiovascular surgery is also known as thoracic surgery which is operated on the heart or great vessels by cardiac surgeons and it is the field of medicine involved in surgical treatment of organs inside the thorax. There are five types of cardiac surgery Open heart surgery Modern beating-heart surgery Heart transplant  Coronary artery bypass grafting  Minimally invasive surgery and  surgeries are done to treat complexity of ischemic heart disease, correct congenital heart disease, or treat valvular heart disease from various causes including endocarditis, rheumatic heart disease and atherosclerosis and  advancement of cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass techniques has greatly reduced the mortality rates of these procedures. The surgery requires postoperative care to avoid complications. Laceration care is needed to avoid infection and minimize scarring. Swelling and loss of appetite are common, as mentioned Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the most common type of heart surgery. CABG improves blood flow to the heart.

Molecular cardiology mainly targets to apply molecular biology practices for the diagnosis, prevention, treatment and mechanistic investigation of cardiovascular disease is a novel and rapid growing area of cardiovascular medicine. Being an emerging field, it has changed conceptual thinking of disease-etiology, pathophysiology and cardiovascular improvement. It has released a promising path for understanding and regulating cardiovascular disease. Scientists are closer to curing heart diseases that were thought to be incurable 20 years ago with the fast development and application of molecular biology techniques. To endorse the progression of stem cell therapy and gene therapy for heart diseases, obviously there is a necessity for thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases.

Congenital heart disease is an abnormality which is present in the heart by birth. Abnormal development that occurs in the heart and in the circulatory system before birth mainly causes Cardiac abnormalities. Abnormal development can be occurred by several factors, including infection and taking certain drugs by the mother during pregnancy. Some congenital cardiac abnormalities are genetic and may be transmitted as autosomal or sex-linked traits.

Open-heart surgery is any kind of surgery where the chest is cut open and surgery is done on the muscles, valves, or arteries of the heart. Coronary artery bypass grafting is common type of heart surgery which is done on adults. During this type of surgery, a healthy artery/ vein is grafted to a blocked coronary artery. This permits the grafted artery to bypass the blocked artery & bring fresh blood to the heart. Open-heart surgery is also termed as traditional heart surgery. Now days many new heart techniques can be performed with only small incisions, not wide openings.

Echocardiography, also called an echo test or heart ultrasound, is a test that takes “moving pictures” of the heart with sound waves. It’s not surgery. Echocardiography uses standard two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and Doppler ultrasound to create images of the heart. It is one of the most widely used diagnostic tests in cardiology. It can provide a wealth of helpful information, including the size and shape of the heart (internal chamber size quantification), pumping capacity, and the location and extent of any tissue damage. Echocardiography can help to detect cardiomyopathies, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and many others.

Cardiovascular imaging is a central aspect of Cardiology. Cardiovascular imaging is the action or process of producing an image especially of a part of the body (Heart) by radiographic techniques. It interprets cross sectional imaging studies of the heart and vascular system. Standard imaging tests include echocardiography (Echocardiography), chest x-ray, CT, MRI, and various radionuclide techniques (Radionuclide Imaging). ‘Conference series LLC Ltd teams with CED, a Joint Accreditation Provider, as Joint Providers of CME Credits for the Cardiology Meetings consisting of physicians, cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, scientists, professors and young researchers

A clinical case report on Cardiology gives an appropriate convention for all cardiologists by rendering their important clinical cases of late occurrence. Studying from medical cases provides valuable experience for clinicians, students and paramedical staff -members. Rare medical reports and conditions discovered through the latest methods of examination are energized. Moreover, studying diagnostic methods from medical cases and the interpretation of symptoms is significant to train and burgeon the thought processes which are being used in the clinical field.

Cardiology Conferences promotes the awareness against Risk factor modification about the heart diseases. Prevention, management and treatment of the cardiovascular diseases can be made by providing the cardiovascular services. It mainly reduces premature death in people with cardiovascular disease risk. By focusing on the diet and lifestyle interventions primarily the initial treatment of cardiovascular disease can be done.

It’s more likely to achieve effective treatment if the disease is recognized at its early stages. Analysis of ethnic and socio-economic differences in heart diseases and risks associated with it.

High blood pressure is otherwise known as hypertension, is a severe medical condition. When the force of the blood pumping through your arteries is too strong, it generally happens. Heart pushes blood through your arteries to the rest of your body when it beats. Your blood pressure goes up, when the blood pushes harder against the walls of your arteries. In a day your blood pressure may be different at different times. When you first wake up, after you exercise, or when you are under stress, it is usually higher. It is normal having higher blood pressure for short amounts of time. But, when your blood pressure stays high for most of the time, it can cause serious health problems.

Cardiovascular Medicine is the widespread provider of cardiovascular amenities converging in the detection, management, treatment & prevention of several cardiovascular diseases. The specialty of cardiovascular medicine emphases on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the heart and blood vessels or the vascular system, which include: coronary artery disease, heart rhythm disorders, heart failure, congenital heart defects, heart valve disease, heart muscle disease, and disorders of the vascular system including the aorta and other vessels.

Cardiovascular disease is a class that includes the blood vessels or heart diseases. Cardiovascular disease comprises of coronary artery diseases such as myocardial infarction, angina pectoris. They even include few other diseases like stroke, heart failure, hypertensive, heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, congenital heart failure, valvular heart disease, carditis, aortic aneurysms, and thromboembolic disease.

Cardiac surgery, also called heart surgery which involves surgical operations performed on the heart under to correct life-threatening conditions. The surgery can be either open-heart surgery or surgery depending on the condition to be corrected. The purpose of cardiac surgery is to improve the quality of life of the patient and to extend the patient's lifespan

Open-heart surgery is any kind of surgery where the chest is cut open and surgery is done on the muscles, valves, or arteries of the heart. Coronary artery bypass grafting is common type of heart surgery which is done on adults. During this type of surgery, a healthy artery/ vein is grafted to a blocked coronary artery. This permits the grafted artery to bypass the blocked artery & bring fresh blood to the heart. Open-heart surgery is also termed as traditional heart surgery. Now days many new heart techniques can be performed with only small incisions, not wide openings.

·   Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (CABG)

·   Heart Valve Repair or Replacement Surgery

·    Aneurysm Repair

·    Insertion of Ventricular Assist Devices

·    Heart Transplant